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Ottoman Empire
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The Ottomans replaced the Mamluks in Egypt.
Under the Ottoman rule the fellahin had no rights, they cultivated the land and
returned most of what they grew in taxes. Under the new system, much land had
been granted to soldiers and religious leaders.
The Ottomans, however, improved irrigation
systems and brought more land under cultivation.Tax collection was given over
to tax farmers, who paid a certain amount to the Ottoman viceroy and kept the
rest
The Ottomans, however, improved irrigation
systems and brought more land under cultivation. Tax collection was given over
to tax farmers, who paid a certain amount to the Ottoman viceroy and kept the
rest. Under the new landowning class, the fellahin had to pay higher taxes.
Administration was placed in the hands of officials in each village, and the
fellahin were responsible to them. This made the fellahin even more isolated
from the ruling classes and the cities.
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