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The White Walls
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It is not known exactly when the conflict
between Upper and Lower Egypt took place. But it is said that about 3100 B.C.,
a king from Upper Egypt, called Mena, had united the two lands making Memphis
the capital city. Thus, the whole of the Nile Valley became one kingdom.
Located at the point where the branches of the Nile Delta meet, Memphis became
known as “The White Walls” and has been a symbol of unity throughout Egypt’s
history. 
Mena founded the first dynasty of Egyptian
kings. Only much later would the Egyptian king be called pharaoh, a name that
means Great House. The period of the first two dynasties of kings - about 400
years - is known by the Archaic Period. It was during this period that Egypt
was transformed from a tribal society to a state with a centralized government.
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